International Awards
*NOBEL PRIZE:
It is the most conveted international award of the world. It was instituted by the inventor of dynamite ,Alfred Bernhard Nobel(1833-96) in 1895.The award is given on dec 10,which is the death anniversary of alfred nobel.
Nobel made a trust from the money that he earned through the patent of his invention whose interest is used to give the money for Novel Prizes.
Novel prize is given every yearto those eminent persons who have made pioneering achievements in the field of PHYSICS,CHEMISTRY,MEDICINE,PEACE,LITERATURE AND ECONOMICS.Apart from economics,all other categories have been given since 1901.Econimics Nobel Prize was instituted in 1967 and was first given in 1969.The peace prize is awarded in oslo,Norway,while the other prize are awarded in Stockhome,Sweden.The various prizes are awarded yearly.Each recipent, or laureate, receives a gold medal,a diploma and a sum of money,which is decided by Nobel foundation.As of 2012,each prize was worth 8 million SEk(us$1.2 million).
TWICE RECIPENT OF NOBEL PRIZE:
SAME SUBJECTS:
JOHN BARDEEN -PHYSICS(1956,1972)
FREDERIC SANGER-CHEMISTRY(1958,1980)
DIFFERENT SUBJECTS
MARIE CURIE-PHYSICS(1903),CHEMISRTY(1911)
LINUS PAULING -CHEMISTRY(1954),PEACE(1962).
The international committee of the REd Cross has been awarded the novel prize for peace three times:In 1917,1944,1963.United nation high commissioner for Refugees has been awarded the nobel prize for peace two times in 1954,1981.
ADJUDICATORS:
Physics and Chemistry----Swedish academy of science
Medicine-----Stockholm faculty of medicine
Literature-- swedish academy of literature
Peace-- panal of 5-parliamentaries of Norwegian parliament .
Economics--Bank of Sweden
Indian Nobel Prize Winners
1.Rabindranath Tagore (literature,1913)
2.Dr.C.V Raman(physics,1930)
3.Dr.Hargovind Khurana (medicine,1968)
4.Mother Teresa (peace,1979)
5.Dr. s.Chandrashekhar(Physics,1983)
6.Dr.Amartya Sen(Economics,1999)
7.V.S Naipaul (Literature,2001)
8.Venkatraman ramakrishnan(chemistry,2009)
9.Kailash Satyarthi(Peace,2014)
Raman Magsaysay awards:
·They were instituted in 1957 and named after Ramon Magsaysay,the late president of Philippines,who died in an air crash
.This award is given annually on august 31.
·The award are given in six categories:
o Government service.
o Public service.
o Community Leadership.
o Journalism,Literature,and the Creative communication Arts.
o Peace and international Understanding .
o Emergent Leadership.
·They are often regarded as the Nobel Prize of Asia.
Indian Recipients
Right Livelihood Award
·The Right Livelihood Award, also referred to as the “Alternative Nobel Prize”,is a prestigious international award to honour those “working on practical and exemplary solutions to the most urgent challenges facing the world today”.
·The prize was established in 1980 by german –swedish philanthropist Jakob von Uexkull, and is presented annually in early December.
·An international jury decides the awards in such fields as environmental protection,human rights,sustainable development,health,education,and peace.
·The prize money is shared among the winners,usually numbering four,and is EUR 200,000.Very often one of the four Laureates receives an honorary Award, which means that the other three share the prize money.
.The establishment of the award followed a failed attempt to have the Novel Foundation create new prizes in the areas of environment protection,sustainable development ,human rights.
Indian winners :
UNESCO PEACE PRIZE
·It is presented by the United Nations Educational ,Scientific and Cultural Organisation(UNESCO) for extraordinary contributions for international peace.
·It has been awarded annually since 1981.The prize is endowed up to $60,000 and honours extraordinary activities in the spirit of UNESCO constitution.
INDIAN WINNER:
General indar jit rikhye(1985),mother Teresa(1992),city montessori school(2002)
UNESCO HUMAN RIGHT AWARD:
*The UNESCO/Bilbao prize for the promotion of culture of human rights was created in 1978 to mark the 30th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human rights.
*Its purpose is to reward the efforts of institutions,organizations and individuals that have made a particularly important and effective contribution to the promotion of a culture of human rights at regional and international levels.
*It is given every alternate year.
ABEL PRIZE:
*It is an international prize presented by the king of Norway to one or more outstanding mathematicians
*The Abel Prize, named after great Norwegian mathematical genius Niels Henrik Abel(1802-1829),is given in recognition of outstanding contributions to mathematical sciences and has been awarded annually since 2003.
*Abel,who died at the age of 26, has often been compared with the Indian mathematical genius Srinivasa Ramanujan.The prize was established in 2001 as part of Abel’s 200th birth anniversary.It carries a cash award of 6million Norwegian kroner(NOK),equivalent to 750,000euro(about$1 million),and is comparable in prestige,value and eligibility criterion to the Nobel prize ,which does not cover mathematics.
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