NUTRITION
The growth, development ,mentenance and almost biotic activities of the organisms are uniformly perfomed by absorbing all basic required material is called nutrition.
Nutrient: A nutrient is a chemical that an organism needs to live and grow or a substance used in an organism's metabolism.
Nutrient/ \/ \1.Organic | 2.Inorganic*Carbohydrates | *Dietary minerals*fats | *water*Proteins | *Oxygen*Vitamins |
There are mainly two types of nutrition:
A) Autotrophic nutrition: Preparation of organic food from inorganic in organism's body,eg-all green plants,some algae.
B) Heterotrophic nutrition: Taking the readymade organic food material synthesized by autotrophy is termed as heterotrophic nutrition-eg animals,
CARBOHYDRATES:
The term carbohydrate is derived from french term hydrate de carbone indicating that it is a hydrate of carbon .Accordingly carbohydrates are also defined as organic substances having carbon, water. Carbohydrates are directly produced during photosynthsis of autotrophic . They therefore, consititute major part of the dry weight of plants(upto 80%).
carbohydrates are also called saccharides because their basic components are sugars.
carbohydrates are polyhudroxy aldehyde or ketones, usually composed of c, H, and O in the ratio of 1:2:1.
Carbohydrates are the most abundant bio molecules on earth.
Carbohydrates form about 1%of our body weight.
Carbohydrates undergo oxidation to server as a source of energy in the body.
CARBOHYDRATES ARE OF THREE TYPES:
1.MONOSACCHARIDE:
They are those sugar or carbohydrate monomers which cannot be hydrolysed further into smaller components. THey have a general formula CnH2nOn.
2.OLIGOSACCHARIDE:
They are small carbohydrates which are formed by condensation of 2-9 monosaccharides. sucrose is the commercial sugar which is also called cane sugar because most of it is obtained form Sugarcane.
3.POLYSACCHARIDE:They are complex carbohydrates which are formed by polymerisation of large number of monosaccharide monomers
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